What does the 'script execution policy' dictate in PowerShell?

In PowerShell, the 'script execution policy' is a security feature that determines the conditions under which scripts can be executed. It governs whether scripts can be run at all and under what circumstances, thus protecting the system from potentially harmful scripts.

The execution policies define a set of rules, specifying if scripts are allowed to run and, if so, which types of scripts are permitted. For example, an execution policy may permit scripts that are locally created but may restrict those downloaded from the internet unless they are signed by a trusted publisher.

This system of checks helps maintain a secure environment by preventing the execution of untrusted scripts that could compromise system integrity. Understanding this concept is crucial for effectively managing script execution and maintaining security within the PowerShell environment.